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MALAYSIA
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INTRODUCTION |
Population:
22,229,040 (July 2001 est.)
Location: Southeastern Asia,
peninsula and northern one-third of the island
of Borneo, bordering Indonesia and the South
China Sea, south of Vietnam Geographic
coordinates: 2 30 N, 112 30 E
Area: 329,750 sq km Area
- comparative: slightly larger than New Mexico
border countries: Brunei
381 km, Indonesia 1,782 km, Thailand 506 km
Coastline: 4,675 km (Peninsular Malaysia 2,068
km, East Malaysia 2,607 km)
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THE
COUNTRY |
Malaysia is a country in
Southeast Asia. It consists of two regions
about 650 kilometres apart, which are separated
by the South China Sea. The regions are
Peninsular (formerly West) Malaysia, and
Sarawak and Sabah (formerly East Malaysia),
on the northern part of the island of Borneo.
Malaysia is situated right in the heart
of South East Asia and is divided into two
geographical sections: Peninsular Malaysia
and the East Malaysian provinces of Sabah
and Sarawak in North Borneo. The two parts
are separated 650km (403 miles) apart by
the South China Sea. Peninsular Malaysia's
neighbors are Thailand and Singapore. Sabah
and Sarawak border Kalimantan (the Indonesian
part of Borneo) and Sarawak surrounds the
tiny enclave of Brunei. The Andaman Sea
is on the West Coast of the peninsula. The
East Coast of the peninsula, Sabah and Sarawak
all adjoin the South China Sea.
Peninsular Malaysia accounts for 40% of
the country's landmass. There are several
mountain ranges running north- south along
the backbone of the peninsula. A wide, fertile
plain trails the West Coast, while a narrow
coastal plain runs along the east. Sabah
and Sarawak are covered by dense jungles
and have large river networks. These rivers
are still the main means of transportation
to the natives of these two states. Over
60% of the country is still rainforest,
and there are 8000 species of flowering
plants (in Peninsular Malaysia alone) which
includes 2000 tree species, 800 different
orchids and 200 types of palm, not forgetting
a myriad of wildlife animals. There are
also an abundance and variety of bird populations
in the world that can be found in East Malaysia.
Malaysia is a land of fascinating sights
and attractions. Rich in colour and contrasts,
her multi-faceted charm provides intriguing
images that leave visitors to the country
in awe. The natural warmth of Malaysians
is legendary; wherever one goes, the friendliness
and hospitality of the people would prove
to be a very special experience.
Malaysia is paradise. Its sun-drenched
beaches, enchanting islands, diverse flora
and fauna, forest retreats and magnificent
mountains are among the best in this region.
Many visitors have discovered Malaysia's
other attractions: a shopping haven, a versatile
conference venue, an incentive destination,
an adventure land and much more.
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WEATHER |
| Malaysia is hot and humid
all year round. Temperatures are usually between
20-30°C (68-86°F); humidity is usually
90%. The East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia
has a real rainy season although the country
gets monsoon climate. The wettest season on
the West Coast of the peninsula is between
September and December; on the East Coast
and in Sabah and Sarawak, it's between October
and February. Rain often comes in short, strong
bursts and generally hides the sun temporarily.
Humidity is high. Rain tends to occur between
November to February on the east coast of
Peninsular Malaysia, on western Sarawak, and
north-eastern Sabah. On the west coast of
Peninsular Malaysia the rainy seasons is April
to May and October to November. |
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HISTORY
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Aboriginal Malays (Orang Asli)
began moving down the Malay peninsula from
south-western China about 10,000 years ago.
The peninsula came under the rule of the Cambodian-based
Funan, the Sumatran-based Srivijaya and the
Java-based Majapahit empires, before the Chinese
arrived in Melaka in 1405. Islam arrived in
Melaka at about the same time and spread rapidly.
Melaka's wealth soon attracted European powers,
and the Portuguese took control in 1511, followed
by the Dutch in 1641. The British established
a thriving port in Penang in 1786 and took
over Melaka in 1795.
The British colonised the interior of the
peninsula when tin was discovered. East Malaysia
came into British hands via the adventurer
James Brooke (who was made Rajah of Sarawak
in 1841 after suppressing a revolt against
the Sultan of Brunei) and the North Borneo
Company (which administered Sabah from 1882).
Britain took formal control of both Sabah
and Sarawak after WW II. The indigenous labour
supply was insufficient for the needs of the
developing rubber and tin industries, so the
British brought large numbers of Indians into
the country, altering the peninsula's racial
mix. |
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CULTURE |
| Malays, Chinese
and Indians live together in harmony in
this multicultural Malaysian society. The
Malays, being the largest community, are
Muslims, speak 'Bahasa Melayu' and are also
largely responsible for the country's political
ndertakings. The Chinese, comprising about
a third of the population, are Buddhists
and Taoists, speak Hokkein, Hakka and Cantonese,
and are more dominant in the business community.
The Indians, accounting for about 10% of
the population, are mainly Hindu Tamils
from Southern India, speak Tamil, Malayalam,
and some Hindi, and live mainly in the larger
towns on the West Coast of the peninsula.
There is also a sizeable Sikh community in
Malaysia. Eurasians and native tribes make
up the remaining portion of the population.
The main native tribe is the Iban of Sarawak.
They largely live in longhouses along the
Rejang and Baram rivers. The Bidayuh (107,000)
concentrate on Sarawak's Skrang River. The
indigenous Orang Asli (80,000) live in small
scattered groups in Peninsular Malaysia. Traditionally
nomadic agriculturalists, many of these native
bloods have been absorbed into modern Malaysian
societies. Chinese and Islamic forms influence
Malaysian music heavily. |
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PLACES |
Hot
Places in Malaysia |
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Name |
Category |
City |
| Kenong
Rimba Park |
Animal,
Bird and Aquatic Life |
Alor
Setar |
| Lake Bera |
Gardens,
Parks and Nature Reserves |
Alor
Setar |
| Empang
Jaleh |
Gardens,
Parks and Nature Reserves |
Alor
Setar |
| Tekam
plantation Resort |
Gardens,
Parks and Nature Reserves |
Alor
Setar |
| Padi Museum |
Museums |
Alor
Setar |
| Air Hangat
Hot Springs |
Gardens,
Parks and Nature Reserves |
Alor
Setar |
| Alor Setar |
Ethnic
Districts |
Alor
Setar |
| Mt Kinabalu
Park |
Gardens,
Parks and Nature Reserves |
Kota
Kinabalu |
| Bukit
Tinggi |
Mountain
Resorts |
Bukit
Tinggi |
| Cameron
Highlands |
Mountain
Resorts |
Cameron
Highlands |
| Cactus
Valley |
Gardens,
Parks and Nature Reserves |
Cameron
Highlands |
| Bharat
Tea Estate |
Ethnic
Districts |
Cameron
Highlands |
| Rose Center
Kea Farm |
Gardens,
Parks and Nature Reserves |
Cameron
Highlands |
| Cherating |
Islands
and Beaches |
Cherating |
| Chendor
Beach |
Islands
and Beaches |
Cherating |
| Genting
Highlands |
Mountain
Resorts |
Genting |
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